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The valuable minerals are then separated from the rock using a variety of physical and chemical separation methods. People have extracted minerals, for example iron and copper, from ores for thousands of years. Examples of how minerals were mined long ago can be found at archaeological sites in South-Africa, such as Mapungubwe.
Jun 22, 2012 Copper ores, will be heavier than most of the background rocks, and will generally be brightly coloured green or blue. Gravity separation usually suffices to separate the ore. The metal is ...
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in orebodies suggest a consanguinity between ores and rocks. 90% of total nickel, 70% of total cobalt but only 30% of total copper in rocks occur in silicate phases and thus indicate an early separation of copper from cobalt and nickel. Unusually high
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The host rock is porphyry, schist, or other rock. Massive deposits are of higher metal content but of more limited extent; they may be oxidized in the upper portion with sulfides lower down. In mixed ores, nickel , zinc , or lead can accompany the copper; when such ore is mined, these other metals also are refined and sold as by-products.
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The host rocks are sedimentary rocks of the Marquette–Baraga Supergroup comprising slates, iron formations, quartzites, and older cherty carbonate. The main Bovine intrusion is composed of a large gabbroic inner core with two thin rims in succession. The inner core (upper unit) is composed of fine-grained gabbro with thickness varying between 30 and 150 m.
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rock include sulfur-bearing minerals that may generate acid and leach metals contained in the ore body and surrounding rock. Tailings Tailings are generated during flotation. Tailings are made up of very fine host rock (i.e., gangue) and nonmetallic minerals separated from the values during beneficiation. The physical and chemical nature of
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Copper ores. An ore is a rock containing enough valuable mineral to make it worth extracting. In the case of copper, it is worth extracting when there is about 2 kg of copper per 1,000 kg of ore (0.2%). Copper minerals are found in over one hundred varieties, although only a few have been worked for copper on a large scale.
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Sediment-Hosted Copper Deposits of the World: Deposit Models and Database By Dennis P. Cox1, David A. Lindsey2 Donald A. Singer1, Barry C. Moring1, and Michael F. Diggles1 Including: Descriptive Model of Sediment-Hosted Cu 30b.1 by Dennis P. Cox1 Grade and Tonnage Model of Sediment-Hosted Cu by Dennis P. Cox1 and Donald A. Singer1 Descriptive Model of Reduced-Facies Cu 30b.2 By …
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Copper processing is a complicated process that begins with mining of the ore (less than 1% copper) and ends with sheets of 99.99% pure copper called cathodes, which will ultimately be made into products for everyday use.The most common types of ore, copper oxide and copper sulfide, undergo two different processes, hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, respectively, due to the different ...
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Constituents of concern for waste rock include sulfur-bearing minerals that may generate acid and leach metals contained in the ore body and surrounding rock. (Mining Industry Profile: Copper) Tailings. Tailings are generated during flotation. Tailings are made up of very fine host rock (i.e., gangue) and nonmetallic minerals separated from the ...
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Secondary ores, called oxide ores, formed as weather and other natural forces altered ancient rocks. Both types of ore are mined and processed to extract the copper. Primary ore minerals of copper include malachite, azurite, chalcocite, bornite, and cuprite. One of the more familiar and beautiful minor ore minerals of copper is chrysocolla.
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Rocks formed in this manner are termed cumulates and are often characterized by rhythmic layering. In ore deposits the alternating layers are often magnetite and/or chromite between layers of silicate. Ex. Bushveld igneous complex. Immiscible liquid - Typical example is oil and water. In ore deposits we deal with silicate and sulfide magmas.
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Generally, the ore and the gangue are mined together—i.e., taken out of the host rock in a mass by either mechanical or manual means. Then the ore is separated from the gangue by various operations known collectively as mineral processing, or ore dressing.
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Ore zones occur as en echelon lenses up to 20 m thick, but averaging 2 to 3 m, and up to 100 m in length. They are confined to well defined zones along the thrust sub-parallel to the foliation in the host rock. In general uranium and copper ore lenses are separate, although usually close together.
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Copper deposits occur in sedimentary and volcanogenic rocks within a wide variety of geologic environments where there may be little or no evidence of hydrothermal alteration. Some deposits may be hypogene and have a deep-seated source for the ore fluids, but because of rapid cooling and dilution during syngenetic deposition on the ocean floor, the resulting deposits are not associated with ...
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Dec 30, 2020 Sediment-hosted copper deposits of the world: Deposit models and database Publication_Date: ... Host rock. Type of rocks hosting the ore body, in the same terms used in published maps and reports. ... Type of rocks underlying the host rock, forming the footwall. Textual values of no more than 73 characters.
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In other cases, the ore deposits (or more precisely ore minerals) may be present in an enclosing rock, called the country rock or the host rock. In such cases, the host rock itself is removed in the first stage of mining. The ore minerals are then separated at the second stage of exploitation.
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Ore is a deposit in Earth’s crust of one or more valuable minerals. The most valuable ore deposits contain metals crucial to industry and trade, like copper, gold, and iron.. Copper ore is mined for a variety of industrial uses. Copper, an excellent conductor of electricity, is used as electrical wire.Copper is also used in construction.
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May 26, 2011 The argellic alteration is accompanied by copper concentration reaching 0.59%, higher than the copper content (0.37%) of the granite host rock. The metallogenic elements, Mo, Sn, Zn, and Ni; as well as the trace elements V, Rb, Y, Th, and U in the argelic altered rock are higher concentrations, while Pb, co, and Sr are lower concentrations than ...
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certain crushed ores of copper are placed into a series of tanks. As a solvent, such as sulfuric acid, is pumped into the first tank, it dissolves the copper from the ore.
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The Deep ore body is contained in a synformal structure with a steep (63 -70 ) and extensive southern limb. The dip is to the north at 55 (fifty-five degrees) near surface and varies from almost sub horizontal to 40 in the lower western portion of the ore bodies. The contacts of the massive sulphide ore with the host rock are sharp.
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